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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, JOHN W. BOCH,
a citizen of the United States of America, residing in Fast Liverpool,
Ohio, have invented improvements in Electrical Insulators and methods of
making the Same, of which the following is a specification. My
invention consists of improvements in porcelain or earthenware
insulators and in the mode of manufacturing the same. Insulators
constructed in accordance with my invention are more particularly such
as are adapted for use on electric lines for the transmission of energy
with currents of high voltage. In
the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating one
step in the manufacture of my improved insulator.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a finished insulator. In
the drawings I have shown a triple-petticoat type of insulator, but my
invention may be employed in the manufacture of double-petticoat
insulators or other styles. The insulator is built up of two or more
separately-molded parts of clay. In
the case of the triple-petticoat style of insulator it is preferred to
make it of three separately-molded pieces of clay. The inner part A is pressed or molded with a threaded or
other suitable socket a for the reception of the usual pin of iron or
other suitable material, and the outer part C, shaped like an inverted
bowl, is provided with a cross-notch c on the top for the reception of
the electrical conductor and has side shoulders c' c', by which the
conductor maybe wired down. The intermediate part B is made bowl-shaped,
and the several parts are molded so as to nest or fit into each other in
the manner shown, preferably with corresponding centering projections
and recesses x x. In carrying out my invention the separately-molded parts A B C after coming from the press are first dried out separately. This is preferably done in an oven or kiln in the usual manner of drying clay articles by the process known as "biscuit-firing." When these separate parts have thus been biscuit fired or otherwise dried and are ready to be put into the vitrifying - kiln, they are each coated with a glazing material, preferably all over, as by dipping the article into such liquid glazing material. The two or more parts of each insulator thus coated are now fitted into each other and are stood upside down, as it were-- that is, with the lower ends of the bowls uppermost, as shown in Fig.1. Glazing material is then put into the joints-- that is, into the annular channels between the petticoats-- and this may be most conveniently done by pouring the liquid glaze into the channels, as indicated at y in said figure. The parts thus put together and supplied with glazing are now put into a sagger with the petticoats uppermost, as shown in Fig. 1, and placed in a kiln, in which under great heat the clay shrinks and becomes vitrified, as usual, and the glazing material melts and becomes of a glass-like character. |
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That
glaze which was put into the annular channels between the petticoats
flows down into and fills all the spaces between the parts of the
insulator, such spaces either being there by lack of correct fit of the
parts or arising during the shrinkage by the vitrification of the clay. The
result is that the two or more separately molded parts are firmly united
to each other throughout by means of the glass-like glaze. Owing
to the supply of the extra glazing material between the petticoats or at
the joints, I prevent the formation of air-spaces or cracks for the
entrance of moisture in the finished insulator and which are almost
certain to occur in the absence of such provision of additional glazing
material. A solid and
practically impenetrable layer or layers of glaze will thus be formed
between the conductor and the supporting-pin intermediate between the
porcelain or earthenware parts of the insulator. I
claim as my invention-- 1.
The mode herein described of making a petticoat-insulator by molding it
in two or more parts of clay, coating them with glazing material,
fitting them together, supplying extra glazing material at the joints
between the petticoats and firing the united and coated parts with the
petticoats uppermost, so that the glazing material will be melted and
flow into and fill all the spaces between the parts, substantially as
described. 2.
The mode herein described of making a petticoat-insulator, by molding it
in two or more parts of clay, fitting them together, supplying glazing
material at the joints between 3.
The mode herein described of making a petticoat-insulator, by molding it
in two or more parts of clay, biscuit-firing the parts separately,
fitting them together, supplying glazing material at the joints between
the petticoats, and firing, with the petticoats uppermost, so that the
glazing material will be melted and flow into and fill all the spaces
between the parts, substantially as described. 4.
As a new article of manufacture, a porcelain or earthenware insulator
made of two or more parts fitted one within the other with extra glaze
introduced to fill all the spaces where the parts arc to be united and
forming an intermediate solid layer or layers of glaze between the
conductor and pin, substantially as described. In
testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the
presence of two subscribing witnesses.
JOHN W. BOCH. Witnesses: CATHERINE
E. PIERCE, HUBERT HOWSON. |