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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, FRED M. LOCKE,
of Victor, New York, in the county of Ontario, in the State of New York,
have invented new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of
High-Potential Porcelain and Glass Insulators, of which the following is
a full, clear, and exact description. This
invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of
insulators for high potential electric conductors, and refers more
particularly to a composition electrical insulation as a new article of
manufacture, the essential ingredients of which are boron or boron
compound and porcelain or glass thoroughly mixed by trituration or
levigation and then molded and fired in the usual manner for porcelain
or glass insulators. The
use of glass as an insulator for high potential electric conductors is
recognized by manufacturers and users as being impracticable owing to
its brittleness and susceptibility to breakage by varying temperatures
or climatic conditions, and also from the dielectric stresses and
resultant heat to which it is subjected. For this reason porcelain,
which appears to have a greater dielectric strength and is less
susceptible to breakage by variations in temperature or climatic
conditions, is generally employed. By
porcelain I mean a compound of the usual ingredients well known in the
art as silica, aluminum clay and feldspar. The
primary object of my present invention is to increase the inductive
capacity, dielectric strength and heat-resisting properties of this
class of insulators to more effectively resist puncture or
disintegration by an electric current or static charges therefrom, or
from temperature or climatic changes. I have discovered that by incorporating a suitable quantity of boron or
boron compound, such as boracic acid, with the body of porcelain or
glass usually employed for insulators, the inductive capacity,
dielectric strength and resistance to puncture or disintegration by the
electric current and sudden temperature or climatic changes, are
increased approximately 20% over the same size and form of the best of
porcelain insulators. For
example, in the experiments which I have made to determine the relative
specific inductive capacity of air, glass, porcelain
and my improved insulator composition, I find that the specific
inductive capacity of this composition is three times as great as that
of the commercial porcelain insulators of the same size and form; six
times as great as glass, and twelve times as great as air.
In the tests which I have made determine the resistance to puncture by high voltage, I find that where porcelain insulator of the best quality was capable of resisting 80,000 volts, an insulator made of my improved composition and of the same size and form as the porcelain insulator, withstood 100,000 volts, or 20,000 volts more than the porcelain insulator, which was due solely to the increased specific inductive capacity and dielectric strength produced by the boron compound. This high inductive capacitive and dielectric |
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strength
which gives great toughness to the insulator, is probably due to the
fact that boron and hydrogen form no compound or compounds under fusion,
and except in one or two special instances and under special
circumstances, boron forms no compound whatsoever with hydrogen, thereby
more effectively excluding moisture from the composition, which is
believed to partially account for the high inductive capacity,
dielectric strength, as well as nonpuncturability and resistance to
heat. The
composition and manufacture of high potential porcelain and glass
insulators is well understood, and in the formation of my improved
composition the boron compound, such as boric acid, and porcelain or
glass ingredients, are thoroughly mixed in suitable proportions, the
proportion of boron compound ranging anywhere from 1% to 60%, according
to the specific inductive capacity required, although the smallest
percentage is effective in adding materially to the dielectric strength
and tenacity of the insulator, whether the base is porcelain or glass,
and reduces the liability to puncture and breaking down by the electric
current or static charges to a minimum. The invention herein relates to a structure adapted to serve as an
insulator in the technical meaning of the term as applied to an article
of manufacture, and the term "insulating support for line
conductors" and “insulator for high potential electric conductors
" are used in the claims herein to clearly
define such structure as an article of manufacture to serve as an
insulator in the technical meaning of the term. What
I claim is-- 1.
An insulator for high potential electric conductors composed of a
vitrifiable base and a boron compound or derivative fused together in a
homogeneous body. 2.
An insulator for high potential electric conductors, as an independent
article of manufacture formed as all entirety of a composition material
composed of a fusible base and a boron compound fused together. 3.
As an article of manufacture, an insulating support for line conductors
formed as a whole of a composition body including a boron compound
molded and fired. 4.
As an article of manufacture, an insulator for high potential electric
conductors formed as an entirety of a vitrifiable base and a boron
compound molded and fired to form a homogeneous body. 5.
As an article of manufacture, an insulating support for line conductors
formed as an entirety of a vitrifiable base and a boron compound fused
together to form a homogeneous body. 6.
An insulating support for line conductors composed of a glass base and a
boron compound fused therewith to form a homogeneous body. In
witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 1909.
FRED M. LOCKE. Witnesses: C.
O. MOORE, W. A. HIGINBOTHAM. |